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Lishui History · Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu

The history of Lishui, written one entry at a time

From the founding of the county in 591 CE to its reconstitution as a district in 2013; from annalistic gazetteer entries to the old bridges on the heritage list. Every entry carries its sources, marks what is uncertain, and appears in Chinese and English.

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122 Published entries
6 Content categories
8 Periods covered
48 Source records

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Six categories

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Administrative Historyjianzhi The founding of the county, its promotion to a zhou and back, its reconstitution as a district, and the changes of superior authority. 8 entries Browse all Annalsdashiji Entries tied to a year, each with its era name, date precision and sources. 53 entries Browse all Heritage Siteswenwu Bridges, pagodas and sites, with their protection level and listing. 30 entries Browse all Archaeologykaogu Cave sites, fossils and excavations, with the dating of each stated. 6 entries Browse all Gazetteer Selectionsjiuzhi Selections from the Lishui gazetteers and commentary on them, quoted by juan and page. 12 entries Browse all Modern Lishuijindai Wartime garrisons and organs, and the administrative changes after 1949. 13 entries Browse all

Timeline

Timeline

Five dynastic periods, with entries earlier than the county listed separately.

Prehistory

Before the county 4 entries
  1. c. 9200 BCE The Huifeng Mountain Hominid Fossil Site A cave site attested only by a human temporal bone and animal fossils
  2. c. 9200 BCE The Fauna and Dating of the Shenxian Cave Site An early Holocene fauna, dated to about 11,000 years ago

Pre-Qin and Six Dynasties

Before the county 8 entries
  1. c. 1000 BCE Rescue Excavation of Mound Tombs in Lishui Eight teams along an expressway route in 2005, and the usual finds
  2. 538 BCE Chu Destroys Lai, 538 BCE Chu attacks Wu and destroys Lai, that is the Laishui; Wu moves its settlement to Lingping

Sui and Tang

591–959 6 entries
  1. 591Sui Lishui County Established, 591 CE Carved out of Liyang and the former Danyang lands, under Jiangzhou
  2. 598Sui Lishui County Absorbs Liyang, 598 CE Liyang County is abolished and its territory merged into Lishui

Song and Yuan

960–1367 12 entries
  1. 975Song Cao Bin's Officer Defeats the Jiangnan Army at Lishui, 975 CE Tian Qinzuo won an action in Lishui in the first month; Li Yu surrendered within the year
  2. 1018Song Shengzhou Renamed Jiangning Prefecture, 1018 CE Lishui passed under the new prefecture

Ming and Qing

1368–1911 30 entries
  1. 1369Ming Lishui Zhou Reduced to a County in 1369 The Yuan-era prefecture becomes a county again, and a county school is ordered
  2. 1385Ming The Tax and Corvée Registers of 1385 Households graded into three classes, corvée verified against the registers

Republican Period

1912–1949 7 entries
  1. 1937Republic of China Monument to the Victims of the Japanese Bombing of Lishui Commemorating the civilians killed when Japanese aircraft bombed the county town on 29 November 1937
  2. 1938Republic of China The New Fourth Army Enters Lishui Advancing from southern Anhui into southern Jiangsu in May 1938, after which Lixiang served in turn as a regimental headquarters

Contemporary

since 1950 5 entries
  1. 1959Contemporary Zhongshan Martyrs' Cemetery A cemetery for revolutionary martyrs, built at Fengxiangling in Jingqiao in October 1959
  2. 2013Contemporary The Nanjing–Hangzhou High-Speed Railway Opens Opened throughout on 1 July 2013, with Lishui station in Dongping Subdistrict

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1595 Annals A Flood Breaches the Polders, 1595 In the sixth month a jiao flood broke the polders; Fengxian Polder alone survived In 1595, the twenty-third year of the Wanli era, the gazetteer records a jiao flood in the sixth month that breached the county's polders; Fengxian Polder alone held. The magistrate Yu Yanxing then urged the people to extend its banks. Natural anomaliesWater conservancyMing dynasty Confidence: Qualified Standard 1606 Annals A Pagoda Built to Quell an Omen, 1606 A red light over the county's north-west; the magistrate Xu Liangyan raised the Yongshou Temple Pagoda there In 1606, the thirty-fourth year of the Wanli era, the gazetteer records a red light over the north-west of the county. The magistrate Xu Liangyan built a pagoda there to quell it; the pagoda is the Yongshou Temple Pagoda. PagodaEducation and cultureMing dynasty Confidence: Qualified Standard 1125 Annals A Plea to Turn Three Lakes into Polders, 1125 CE Lu Xiang asked to convert the Shijiu, Gucheng and Danyang lakes into polder fields In the ninth month of 1125 CE, the seventh year of the Xuanhe era, Lu Xiang, a prefectural administrator, asked that the Shijiu, Gucheng and Danyang lakes be turned into polder land. The gazetteer does not record whether the request was granted. PoldersWater conservancythe Song dynasty Confidence: Qualified Standard 1390 Annals A Reserve Granary Established in 1390 Granaries set up against famine, and grain bought in with paper money In the fifth month of 1390, the twenty-third year of the Hongwu era, Lishui was ordered to establish a reserve granary against famine; in the eighth month officials were sent out with paper money to buy grain. In 1394 the grain was lent to the poor. GranariesMing dynasty Confidence: Qualified Standard Administrative history Administrative History Administrative Division Changes after 1949 From the district system to the county's reconstitution as a district, and the towns made into subdistricts Lishui adopted the district system on 25 April 1949 under the Zhenjiang Prefecture of the Southern Jiangsu Administrative Office, returned to Nanjing in March 1983, and became a district of Nanjing by State Council approval in February 2013. Administrative historyAdministrative divisionContemporary Long-form 1611 Annals An Earthquake in 1611 Recorded on the sixteenth day of the tenth month; the gazetteer has only one line In 1611, the thirty-ninth year of the Wanli era, Lishui was shaken by an earthquake in the tenth month. The Kangxi gazetteer gives only this single line, with no magnitude, epicentre or damage. EarthquakesNatural anomaliesMing dynasty Standard

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